001 : Academic Works

The increasing human activities on the earth's surface contribute to significant greenhouse gas emissions in the atmosphere, leading to temperature changes. Changes in land use from green spaces to residential or industrial areas are a primary source of these emissions, especially in urban regions. Plants, with their biomass, play a vital role in absorbing carbon—the largest component of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. This study aimed to estimate carbon absorption by plant biomass in Yogyakarta City, a region vulnerable to land conversion due to rapid population growth. The research utilized Sentinel-2 imagery, with biomass distribution derived from regression analysis between NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index) and field biomass measurements.

Regression Model: 𝑌 = 55.678 𝑋 − 11.236

Where:

Y represents the estimated biomass (in kg/m²).

X is the NDVI value derived from Sentinel-2 imagery.

This regression equation demonstrates a positive linear relationship between the NDVI values (as the independent variable) and the measured field biomass (as the dependent variable). Higher NDVI values indicate denser vegetation, leading to greater biomass estimates. By applying this model, the distribution of plant biomass was classified into three categories (low, medium, high), and carbon absorption was further calculated using a biomass-to-carbon conversion coefficient (1.47). This approach provides a systematic method to estimate and spatially distribute biomass and carbon absorption across Yogyakarta City.

Biomass Classes:

Low: 7.071 – 13.459 kg/m²

Medium: 13.460 – 22.325 kg/m²

High: 22.326 – 40.316 kg/m²

Carbon Absorption Classes:

Very Low: 71,733.031 – 106,134.404 kg/m²

Low: 106,314.405 – 204,485.283 kg/m²

Medium: 204,485.284 – 312,183.647 kg/m²

High: 312,183.648 – 563,127.497 kg/m²

Very High: 563,127.498 – 1,348,427.649 kg/m²

Findings:
The study estimated the total carbon absorption capacity of plants in Yogyakarta City at 4,712,848.656 kg. This research provides essential insights for urban planning and sustainable land use management.

You can access this final project on ETD here: ETD

WANAGIS is a WebGIS developed for the dissemination of forest resource data in Wanagama, a Special Purpose Forest Area managed by Universitas Gadjah Mada. Wanagama serves multiple purposes, including reforestation, education, nature tourism, and community events.
Development Tools and Technologies:

Frontend: HTML, CSS, JavaScript, OpenLayers

Backend: Laravel Framework, XAMPP(local server)

Database: PostgreSQL

GIS Software:QGIS for spatial data preprocessing

Mapping Library: OpenLayers

Features of WANAGIS:

Layer control

Line and area measurements

Pop-up information

Attribute tables

Data export and map printing

User management

Layer editing and management

The user-friendly interface was designed with a user-centered approach to enhance accessibility and usability. WANAGIS displays forest resource data, such as plot boundaries, slope, soil type, land cover, roads, rivers, and infrastructure.

Significance: WANAGIS optimizes the dissemination and utilization of forestry data, supporting sustainable forest management in Wanagama.

You can access this final project on ETD here: ETD

------

3. Analysis of Land Deforestation in Sintang Regency (2009-2021)

Sintang Regency faces significant challenges due to increasing deforestation driven by land-use changes. This study, conducted during an internship at Karomap Semesta, analyzed deforestation trends to measure forest cover changes from 2009 to 2021.

Findings:

Total deforestation: 100,528.41 hectares

Major contributors to deforestation:

• Conversion to plantations: 38.19%
• Dryland farming mixed with shrubs: 32.71%
• Shrubland: 18.56%

Forest cover decline:

• From 1,019,897.34 hectares (2009) to 929,117.65 hectares (2021), a 4% reduction.

Deforestation was more pronounced in non-forest areas, particularly in the Other Land Use (APL) zones, accounting for 62% of total deforestation. Forest cover outside forest zones decreased by 55% during the study period, dropping from 104,246.76 hectares in 2009 to 47,235.05 hectares in 2021.

Challenges: Although reforestation efforts covered 25,137 hectares (19,926 hectares in forest zones), they remain insufficient to counteract the rapid rate of deforestation. Effective land management and environmental rehabilitation are urgently needed to minimize long-term impacts.